Traffic
Management
v. i. 1. To pass goods and commodities from one person to another
for an equivalent in goods or money; to buy or sell goods; to
barter; to trade.
[imp. & p. p. Trafficked ; p. pr. & vb. n. Trafficking
.]
2. To trade meanly or mercenarily; to bargain.
v. t. 1. To exchange in traffic; to effect by a bargain or for
a consideration.
n. 1. Commerce, either by barter or by buying and selling; interchange
of goods and commodities; trade.
A merchant of great traffic through the world.
- Shak.
The traffic in honors, places, and pardons.
- Macaulay.
2. Commodities of the market.
You 'll see a draggled damsel
From Billingsgate her fishy traffic bear.
- Gay.
3. The business done upon a railway, steamboat line, etc., with
reference to the number of passengers or the amount of freight
carried.Traffic return
a periodical statement of the receipts for goods and passengers,
as on a railway line.
Traffic taker
a computer of the returns of traffic on a railway, steamboat line,
etc.
Noun 1. traffic - the aggregation of things (pedestrians or vehicles)
coming and going in a particular locality during a specified period
of time
2. traffic - buying and selling; especially illicit trade
3. traffic - the amount of activity over a communication system
during a given period of time; "heavy traffic overloaded
the trunk lines"; "traffic on the internet is lightest
during the night"
4. traffic - social or verbal interchange (usually followed by
`with')
Synonyms: dealings
Verb 1. traffic - deal illegally; "traffic drugs"
2. traffic - trade or deal a commodity; "They trafficked
with us for gold"
TRAFFIC. Commerce, trade, sale or exchange of merchandise, bills,
money and the like.
To dream that you are in traffic, signifies frustrations in life
and that things are not going as smoothly as you would like it
to. You feel stuck at where you are in life.
This article is about Vehicular traffic. For other meanings of
"Traffic" see Traffic (disambiguation).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Organized
traffic Western vehicular traffic is generally organized, flowing
in lanes of travel for a particular direction, with interchanges,
traffic signals, and/or signage at intersectons to facilitate
the orderly and timely flow of traffic. Vehicles also generally
travel at the same speed on a given roadway.
Organized traffic typically reduces travel time. Though vehicles
wait at some intersections, wait time at others is much shorter.
Organized traffic degenerates to disorganized with an unexpected
occurrence, be it road construction, an accident, or an animal
obstructing the road. On particularly busy freeways, a disruption
can persist until traffic thins. William Beaty observed persistent
disruptions and named the phenomenon traffic waves.
Simulations
of organized traffic frequently involve queuing theory and stochastic
processes.
Unorganized traffic Unorganized traffic occurs in the absence
of lanes and/or signals. Roads do not have lanes, though operators
tend to keep to the appropriate side if the road is wide enough.
Operators frequently overtake other operators, and obstructions
are not uncommon.
Intersections have no signals or signage, and a particular road
at a busy intersection may be dominant (that is, its traffic flows)
until a break in traffic, at which time the dominance shifts to
the other road where vehicles are queued. At the intersection
of two perpendicular roads, a traffic jam results if four vehicles
face each other side-on.
Which side? Brian Lucas answers the question, "Which side
of the road do they drive on?" About 34% of the world by
country population drives on the left, and 66% keeps right. By
roadway miles, about 72% drive on the right.
See
alsoTransport
Rules of the road
Traffic psychology
Traffic congestion
External
linksWhich side of the road do they drive on?
Traffic Waves
Related Words
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black-market, bootleg, business, business dealings, buy and sell,
carry, change, closeness, commerce, commercial affairs, commercial
relations, communication, communion, congress, connection, contact,
conversation, converse, conveyance, correspondence, custom, deal,
deal in, dealing, dealings, do business, exchange, fair trade,
familiarity, free trade, freight, give in exchange, handle, horse-trade,
industry, information, interaction, interchange, intercommunication,
intercommunion, intercourse, interplay, intimacy, job, linguistic
intercourse, market, marketing, mercantile business, merchandise,
merchantry, message, moonshine, movement, multilateral trade,
push, reciprocal trade, relations, relationship, reply, response,
restraint of trade, retail, sell, shipping, shove, small business,
social intercourse, speaking, speech, speech circuit, speech situation,
swap, swap horses, switch, take in exchange, talking, telepathy,
the business world, the marketplace, touch, trade, trade in, trade
off, trade sight unseen, traffic in, transport, transportation,
travel, truck, two-way communication, unilateral trade, wholesale
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web traffic traffic ticket web site traffic traffic Man´age`ment
n. 1. The act or art of managing; the manner of treating, directing,
carrying on, or using, for a purpose; conduct; administration;
guidance; control; as, the management of a family or of a farm;
the management of a business enterprise; the management of state
affairs.
2. Business dealing; negotiation; arrangement.
He had great managements with ecclesiastics.
- Addison.
3. Judicious use of means to accomplish an end; conduct directed
by art or address; skillful treatment; cunning practice; - often
in a bad sense.
Mark with what management their tribes divide
Some stick to you, and some to t'other side.
- Dryden.
4. The collective body of those who manage or direct any enterprise
or interest; the board of managers.
Noun 1. management - the act of managing something; "he was
given overall management of the program"; "is the direction
of the economy a function of government?"
Synonyms: direction
2. management - those in charge of running a business
Dictionary
of Computing
1. management - Corporate power elites distinguished primarily
by their distance from actual productive work and their chronic
failure to manage (see also suit). Spoken derisively, as in "*Management*
decided that ...".
2. management - Mythically, a vast bureaucracy responsible for
all the world's minor irritations. Hackers' satirical public notices
are often signed "The Mgt"; this derives from the "Illuminatus!"
novels.
"Management" (from Old French, "ménagement"="the
art of conducting, directing", from Latin "manum agere"="lead
by the hand") characterises the process of leading and directing
all or part of an organization, often a business one, through
the deployment and manipulation of resources (human, financial,
material, intellectual or intangible). One can also think of management
functionally: as the action in measuring a quantity on a regular
basis and adjusting an initial plan and the actions taken to reach
one's intended goal. This applies even in situations where planning
does not take place. Situational management may precede and subsume
purposive management.
Historical
DevelopmentSome writers trace the development of management thought
back to Sumerian traders and ancient Egyptian pyramid builders,
but modern management as a discipline began as an off-shoot of
economics in the 19th century. Classical economists like Adam
Smith and John Stuart Mill provided a theoretical background to
resource allocation, production, and pricing issues. About the
same time, innovators like Eli Whitney, James Watt, and Matthew
Boulton developed technical production elements such as standardization,
quality control procedures, cost accounting, interchangeability
of parts, and work planning. By the middle of the 19th century
people like Robert Owen, H. Poor, and M Laughlin introduced the
human element with theories of worker training, motivation, organizational
structure and span of control.
By the late 19th century marginal economists like Alfred Marshall
and Leon Walras introduced a new layer of complexity to the theoretical
underpinings of management. The first tertiary-level course in
management was offered in 1881 by J. Wharton. By 1900 we find
managers trying to place their theories on a thoroughly scientific
basis. Examples include H. Towne's Science of management, Frederick
Winslow Taylor's Scientific management, Frank Bunker Gilbreth's
Science of motion study, and Henry L. Gantt's charts. J. Duncan
wrote the first college management text book in 1911.
The
first comprehensive theories of management appeared around 1920.
People like H. Fayol and A. Church described the various branches
of management and their inter-relationships. In the 1920s and
1930s people like O. Tead, W. Scott and J. Mooney applied the
principles of psychology to management. Also in the early 20th
century people like Elton Mayo, M. Follett, C. Barnard, Max Weber,
Rensis Likert, and Chris Argyris applied the principles of sociology
to management.
H.
Dodge, R. Fisher, and T. Fry introduced statistical techniques
into management. In the 1940s, Patrick Blackett combined these
statistical theories with microeconomic theory and spawned the
science of operations research was born. Operations research,
sometimes known as "management science", has attempted
to make a science of some aspects of management.
Some
of the more recent developments include the theory of constraints,
reengineering, and various information technology driven theories
such as agile software development. The theory of constraints
approach to management boils the effort down to a repetitive cycle
of three basic questions—What to change? To what to change
to? How to make the change happen?
At
the end of the 20th century, management was seen as consisting
of the following six subcategories:
Human
resource management
Operations or production management
Strategic management
Marketing management
Financial management
Information Technology management
In the 21st century we find it increasingly difficult to think
in terms of these six categories. More and more processes simultaneously
involve several categories. Instead, we tend to think in terms
of the various processes, tasks, and objects that one can manage.
Different
varieties/objects of managementChange management
Communications management
Constraint Management
Cost management
Crisis management
Customer relationship management
Earned value management
Enterprise management
Facility management
Integration management
Knowledge management
Marketing management
Micromanagement
Pain management
Perception management
Procurement management
Program management
Project management
Process management
Product management
Quality management
Resource management
Risk management
Scope management
Skills management
Spend management
Supply chain management
Systems management
Time management
Stress management
See
Also:Adhocracy
Engineering management
Management consulting
Management development
Management Technology
Middle management
Poor management
Senior management
Strategic management
Virtual management
Peter Drucker's management by objectives
Eliyahu M. Goldratt's theory of constraints
Finding
related topicslist of management topics
list of marketing topics
list of human resource management topics
list of economics topics
list of finance topics
list of accounting topics
list of information technology management topics
list of production topics
list of business law topics
list of business ethics, political economy, and philosophy of
business topics
list of business theorists
list of economists
list of corporate leaders
list of companies
External
linkshttp://www.mapnp.org/library/
Famous Quotes on Management
Related Words
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austerity, austerity program, authority, authorization, be-all
and end-all, blue ribbon, board, board of directors, board of
regents, board of trustees, bosses, bureaucracy, cabinet, cadre,
canniness, care, carefulness, championship, chancellor, charge,
chariness, chief executive, chief executive officer, civil government,
command, commission, completion, conduct, control, council, cure,
custodianship, custody, dean, directing, directorate, directors,
directorship, directory, discharge, discipline, dispatch, dispensation,
disposition, dominion, driving, economic planning, economicalness,
economy, economy of means, effectiveness, effectuation, empery,
empire, employment, enactment, execution, executive, executive
arm, executive committee, executive director, executive hierarchy,
executive officer, executive secretary, executives, exercise,
exploitation, false economy, first place, first prize, forehandedness,
form of government, frugality, frugalness, functioning, good management,
governance, governing board, governing body, government, guardianship,
guidance, handling, hands, headship, hegemony, height, hierarchy,
higher echelons, higher-ups, highest, husbandry, imperium, implementation,
influence, infrastructure, intendance, interlocking directorate,
jurisdiction, keeping, kingship, lead, leadership, leading, lordship,
magistrate, managery, managing, managing director, manipulation,
mastership, mastery, maximum, means of dealing, ministry, most,
ne plus ultra, new high, occupation, officer, official, officialdom,
operancy, operation, ordering, oversight, palms, paramountcy,
parsimoniousness, parsimony, pastorage, pastorate, pastorship,
patronage, performance, performing, perpetration, pilotage, political
organization, polity, power, practice, prefect, prelacy, presidency,
president, prexy, primacy, protectorship, providence, provost,
prudence, prudential administration, record, regime, regimen,
regnancy, reign, responsibility, rule, ruling class, ruling classes,
running, safe hands, say, secretary, sovereignty, sparingness,
steerage, steering, steering committee, stewardship, superintendence,
superintendency, supervision, supremacy, sway, system of government,
the Establishment, the administration, the authorities, the brass,
the conn, the executive, the helm, the ingroup, the interests,
the people upstairs, the power elite, the power structure, the
top, the wheel, them, they, thrift, thriftiness, tight purse strings,
top brass, top spot, transaction, treasurer, treatment, tutelage,
unwastefulness, usage, using, utilization, vice-chancellor, vice-president,
ward, warden, wardenship, wardship, watch and ward, wing, work,
working, workings, zenith More Related Words and Usage Samples
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investment management
